The traditional house of DI Aceh Aceh is Rumoh. Rumoh Aceh is home to the stage with the pole between 2.50 to 3 meters high, consists of three or five rooms, with one main room called the vestibule. Rumoh with three space has 16 poles, while Rumoh with five rooms has 24 poles. Sramoe bertangga reunyeun or porch is a place of entry into Rumoh which is always located in the east. Rumoh Aceh’s main door height is always lower than the adult height. Usually the height of the door is only 120-150 cm in size so that every person who entered into Rumoh Aceh should be lowered. However, once inside, we will feel very airy space in the house because there was no furniture in the form of a chair or table. Everyone sits cross-legged on a mat ngom (of similar material weeds that grow in swamps) are coated mats.
Although only made of wood, leaf thatched roofs, and do not use nails, Rumoh Aceh could last up to 200 years. Aside from being a manifestation of public confidence and adaptation to the environment, the existence of Rumoh Aceh also shows the social status. More and more ornaments on Rumoh Aceh, then surely the more wealthy residents. For families who do not have excessive wealth, then simply decorated with relatively little or even none at all.
Making Rumoh Aceh
Materials
To make Rumoh Aceh, the materials needed include:
* Wood. Wood is the main ingredient for making Rumoh Aceh. Wood used to make tameh (pole), toll, roek, coal, coal linteung, horses, tuleueng rueng, indreng, and so forth.
* Board, used to make floors and walls.
* Trieng (bamboo). Bamboo is used to make gasen (lath), the base floor, beuleubah (where embed roof), and so forth.
* Enau (temor). In addition to using bamboo, sometimes to make floors and walls using enau Rumoh Aceh.
* Taloe meu-belt (strap). Straps are usually made of rope fibers, rattan, hibiscus bark, and sometimes use a plastic rope.
* Oen meuria (sago palm leaves), used to make the roof.
* Leaves enau. Besides using meuria oen, sometimes to make the roof using a palm leaf.
* Peuleupeuk meuria (midrib thatch). This material is used to make house walls, shelves, and sanding.
Raft Houses Development Stages
For the people of Aceh, building a house is like building a life itself. That is why development is carried out must comply with certain conditions and through several stages. Requirements that must be done such a good selection of day as determined by Teungku (local scholars), festivity procurement, procurement of wood choices, and so forth. Therefore making process Rumoh Aceh done carefully with the local knowledge based society, then Rumoh Aceh although made of wood can last up to hundreds of years.
As for the stages of development Rumoh Aceh are: (1) deliberation, (2) collecting the material, (3) processing of materials, and (4) coupling material. Earliest stages to establish Rumoh Aceh is doing deliberation family. Then proceed with the plan to establish memberiatahukan house to Teungku. The goal is to get advice about what to do for a house that was built to provide tranquility, peace, and prosperity both external and the internal to the occupants.
After getting advice from Teungku, continued with the procurement of materials. Procurement of materials done in mutual cooperation. Good wood is wood that has not dililiti roots and if the wood cut, wood rebahnya not involve the other. The wood is then collected in a place protected from rain. If the development is still a long time, sometimes the ingredients are soaked in water first, aim for the wood is not eaten babuk.
The next phase is to process the timber in accordance with their respective usefulness. When everything is ready, then began the establishment Rumoh Aceh. Rumoh early establishment of Aceh marked by making a foundation for wooden peg. Anchored first timber is the main pillar (pillar king) and continued with the other pillars. After all pole spikes, followed by making the center of the house, covering floors and walls of houses. Then proceed with the construction of the upper house, which ended with the installation of the roof. The last part is finishing the construction of Houses in Aceh, namely the installation of supporters such as decorative ornaments and so forth.
Parts of Aceh Rumoh
In general, divided into three parts: bottom, middle, and upper.
a. Bottom
The lower part of Aceh or yup Rumoh moh is a space between the ground floor of the house. This section serves to children’s play area, chicken coop, goats, and ducks. This place is also often used women to sell and make songket Aceh.
This place is also used to store jeungki or rice pounder and krongs or a place to store rice-shaped with a diameter and height of about two meters.
b. Middle part
The middle Rumoh Aceh is a place all the activities of the Acehnese people whether they are private or public nature. In this section, in general there are three rooms, namely: the front room, living room, and a back room.
* The front room (seuramo reungeun). This room is also called Seuramou-keu (front porch). Called room or front porch because of the presence bungeun or stairs to enter the house. This room is not room-room and the entrance is usually located at the end of the floor on the right. But some are making doors overlooking the courtyard, and the stairs are on the edge of the floor. In everyday life this room serves to receive guests, the dozing boy, and where children learn the Koran. At certain moments such as when there is a marriage ceremony or ritual feast, then this room used to eat together.
* Non-central. This room is at the core of Rumoh Aceh, therefore called Rumoh Inong (main house). The floor in this section is higher than other rooms, is considered sacred, and very personal. In this room there are two room or bedroom is located on either side and usually facing north or south with the door facing the rear. In between the two chambers there are gang (vines) that connects the front room and back room. Inong Rumoh function is to sleep head of the family, and Anjong to bed the girl child. When her daughter married, she will occupy the house Inong being parents moved to Anjong. When his daughter who married two men, older people will move to the porch or seuramo likot, during yet to make a new home or adding / widen his home. At the moment there is a marriage ceremony, the bride dipersandingkan in Rumoh Inong, as well as when there is death Rumoh Inong used as a place to bathe the corpse.
* Space is called seuramo likot rear. Likot seuramo floor height in the seuramo rengeun (front porch), and this room was not chambered. The function room is partly used for kitchen and dining, and usually located in the eastern part of the room. It is also used to place talking to women as well as perform daily activities such as weaving and embroidery.
However, sometimes a separate kitchen and is on the back of the back porch. The room is called Rumoh dapu (kitchen). The floor is slightly lower than the floor back porch.
c. The top
This section is located at the top of the central foyer. Sometimes, in this section were given the (loft), which serves to keep the family stuff. Aceh Rumoh roof usually made of sago palm leaves tied with rattan which has been cut into small pieces.
Ornamental Variety
In Rumoh Aceh, there are some decorative motifs are used, namely: (1) religious motives. Decoration Rumoh Acehnese religious character of the carvings taken from the verses of the Koran, (2) floral motif. Floral motifs used are plants good stelirisasi shaped leaves, roots, stems, or flowers. Carving stilirisasi shaped plants are not given a color, even if there is, the colors used are Red and Black. The carved decoration is usually found on rinyeuen (stairs), wall, tulak angen, kindang, the beams on the hood, and windows of the house, (3) fauna motif. Commonly used animal motifs are animals that are often seen and liked, (4) natural motifs. Natural motifs used by the people of Aceh include: sky and cloud, sky and moon, and stars and sea, and (5) other motives, such as rantee, tongue, and so forth.
Making Rumoh Aceh
Materials
To make Rumoh Aceh, the materials needed include:
* Wood. Wood is the main ingredient for making Rumoh Aceh. Wood used to make tameh (pole), toll, roek, coal, coal linteung, horses, tuleueng rueng, indreng, and so forth.
* Board, used to make floors and walls.
* Trieng (bamboo). Bamboo is used to make gasen (lath), the base floor, beuleubah (where embed roof), and so forth.
* Enau (temor). In addition to using bamboo, sometimes to make floors and walls using enau Rumoh Aceh.
* Taloe meu-belt (strap). Straps are usually made of rope fibers, rattan, hibiscus bark, and sometimes use a plastic rope.
* Oen meuria (sago palm leaves), used to make the roof.
* Leaves enau. Besides using meuria oen, sometimes to make the roof using a palm leaf.
* Peuleupeuk meuria (midrib thatch). This material is used to make house walls, shelves, and sanding.
Raft Houses Development Stages
For the people of Aceh, building a house is like building a life itself. That is why development is carried out must comply with certain conditions and through several stages. Requirements that must be done such a good selection of day as determined by Teungku (local scholars), festivity procurement, procurement of wood choices, and so forth. Therefore making process Rumoh Aceh done carefully with the local knowledge based society, then Rumoh Aceh although made of wood can last up to hundreds of years.
As for the stages of development Rumoh Aceh are: (1) deliberation, (2) collecting the material, (3) processing of materials, and (4) coupling material. Earliest stages to establish Rumoh Aceh is doing deliberation family. Then proceed with the plan to establish memberiatahukan house to Teungku. The goal is to get advice about what to do for a house that was built to provide tranquility, peace, and prosperity both external and the internal to the occupants.
After getting advice from Teungku, continued with the procurement of materials. Procurement of materials done in mutual cooperation. Good wood is wood that has not dililiti roots and if the wood cut, wood rebahnya not involve the other. The wood is then collected in a place protected from rain. If the development is still a long time, sometimes the ingredients are soaked in water first, aim for the wood is not eaten babuk.
The next phase is to process the timber in accordance with their respective usefulness. When everything is ready, then began the establishment Rumoh Aceh. Rumoh early establishment of Aceh marked by making a foundation for wooden peg. Anchored first timber is the main pillar (pillar king) and continued with the other pillars. After all pole spikes, followed by making the center of the house, covering floors and walls of houses. Then proceed with the construction of the upper house, which ended with the installation of the roof. The last part is finishing the construction of Houses in Aceh, namely the installation of supporters such as decorative ornaments and so forth.
Parts of Aceh Rumoh
In general, divided into three parts: bottom, middle, and upper.
a. Bottom
The lower part of Aceh or yup Rumoh moh is a space between the ground floor of the house. This section serves to children’s play area, chicken coop, goats, and ducks. This place is also often used women to sell and make songket Aceh.
This place is also used to store jeungki or rice pounder and krongs or a place to store rice-shaped with a diameter and height of about two meters.
b. Middle part
The middle Rumoh Aceh is a place all the activities of the Acehnese people whether they are private or public nature. In this section, in general there are three rooms, namely: the front room, living room, and a back room.
* The front room (seuramo reungeun). This room is also called Seuramou-keu (front porch). Called room or front porch because of the presence bungeun or stairs to enter the house. This room is not room-room and the entrance is usually located at the end of the floor on the right. But some are making doors overlooking the courtyard, and the stairs are on the edge of the floor. In everyday life this room serves to receive guests, the dozing boy, and where children learn the Koran. At certain moments such as when there is a marriage ceremony or ritual feast, then this room used to eat together.
* Non-central. This room is at the core of Rumoh Aceh, therefore called Rumoh Inong (main house). The floor in this section is higher than other rooms, is considered sacred, and very personal. In this room there are two room or bedroom is located on either side and usually facing north or south with the door facing the rear. In between the two chambers there are gang (vines) that connects the front room and back room. Inong Rumoh function is to sleep head of the family, and Anjong to bed the girl child. When her daughter married, she will occupy the house Inong being parents moved to Anjong. When his daughter who married two men, older people will move to the porch or seuramo likot, during yet to make a new home or adding / widen his home. At the moment there is a marriage ceremony, the bride dipersandingkan in Rumoh Inong, as well as when there is death Rumoh Inong used as a place to bathe the corpse.
* Space is called seuramo likot rear. Likot seuramo floor height in the seuramo rengeun (front porch), and this room was not chambered. The function room is partly used for kitchen and dining, and usually located in the eastern part of the room. It is also used to place talking to women as well as perform daily activities such as weaving and embroidery.
However, sometimes a separate kitchen and is on the back of the back porch. The room is called Rumoh dapu (kitchen). The floor is slightly lower than the floor back porch.
c. The top
This section is located at the top of the central foyer. Sometimes, in this section were given the (loft), which serves to keep the family stuff. Aceh Rumoh roof usually made of sago palm leaves tied with rattan which has been cut into small pieces.
Ornamental Variety
In Rumoh Aceh, there are some decorative motifs are used, namely: (1) religious motives. Decoration Rumoh Acehnese religious character of the carvings taken from the verses of the Koran, (2) floral motif. Floral motifs used are plants good stelirisasi shaped leaves, roots, stems, or flowers. Carving stilirisasi shaped plants are not given a color, even if there is, the colors used are Red and Black. The carved decoration is usually found on rinyeuen (stairs), wall, tulak angen, kindang, the beams on the hood, and windows of the house, (3) fauna motif. Commonly used animal motifs are animals that are often seen and liked, (4) natural motifs. Natural motifs used by the people of Aceh include: sky and cloud, sky and moon, and stars and sea, and (5) other motives, such as rantee, tongue, and so forth.
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